Three principles from James Gee on repairing broken identities of learners (I quote verbatum):

1) The learner must be enticed to try, even if he or she already has good grounds to be afraid to try.
2) The learner must be enticed to put in lots of effort even if he or she begins with little motivation to do so.
3) The learner must achieve some meaningful success when he or she has expended this effort.

While these may seem basic, how often are they the focus of discussions and action in schools?